Magie v šeru dávných věků

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Re: Magie v šeru dávných věků

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Often Deities are depicted with their associated animals or birds or in some cases both. We have become used to linking them together. Think of Epona and you think of horses, (C)ernunnos is linked to stags (despite both snakes and birds also been depicted).
Deities asuming Animal Forms is a widespread motif in Celtic Mythology
The Goddess of Sovereignty is linked to and assumes the shape of both the Horse and the Cow, with Epona, Rhiannon, Macha and Boand been the obvious examples.
Tohle by asi stálo za to zachovat i při domýšlení bohů České kotliny. Symbolika je důležitá. Výhoda je, že v celé oblasti obývané Kelty žijí stejná zvířata, takže symbolika z Galské Francie bude nejspíš platná i u nás.

pozn: Zatím to vypadá, že v druidské tradici není nic jako "druid Epony", tedy kněžstvo zasvěcené konkrétním bohům. Konkrétní bohové budou ale určitě mít majoritní význam lokálně, například Voltava v údolí Vltavy.
Boars and Deer frequently appear in tales of the Celtic Otherworld, as it is in the hunt that the hero begins his journey. Caeilte kills a magical boar which is able to re-appear as new after it has been eaten.
Thoughout the lands under Celtic influence, boars appear to symbolise royalty, bravery and prowess in battle. Boars appear on coins and as bronze statues, warriors with boar shaped helmet crests appear on the Gundestrupp cauldron. The boar was often the main dish of warrior feasts.
Fionn's wife, Sabha is turned into a fawn by a Druid, and their son is called Oisin (Little Deer). In many tales of the Fenian Cycle, the heroes are led in an adventure by an Otherworld being disguised as a deer.
Pravděpodobně na nějakém magicky silném místě, když šlo o cestu do Zásvětí, ale i tak je to dost mocná magie.
Bulls and Cows formed the basis for wealth within the community and were seen as a symbol of the Land and of material wealth.
When a King was to be chosen a 'bull-feast' (Tarbfeis) would be held, in which a bull would be ritually killed and a broth would be cooked. The chief priest would bathe in and eat the broth, and would recieve a vision of the new King as he slept. In the story of Conaire, it is foretold that the new King will be found walking naked along a road into Tara carrying a sling and a stone. Through divine intervention, Conaire fulfills the criteria and is pronounced King.
Bůh, který si vybere budoucího krále a zaonačí to tak, aby to sedělo s tradicí. Zní to velice logicky - Starší říše potřebují ovlivňovat politiku fyzického světa, aby byly průchody náležitě udržovány a střeženy. Princip magického, respektive církevního "posvěcení" vladařovy vlády se ostatně netýká jen Keltů - význam je stále stejný.
Cattle raids seem to have been a much greater part of Celtic life than say inter tribal battles
A number of Goddesses are linked to the cow. Boand, a river goddess was identified with the cow itself, representing a widespread Indo-European motif of River-Mother Goddess providing life giving milk. She was drowned at Well of Nechtan becoming the river Boyne.

The Dadga, Mider, Mananan and various other Gods all had magical cattle, the envy of mortal men.
Už jsem trochu přemýšlel, jak to bude s bohy řek, tedy kde by asi tak mohlo být místo, prolínající se s Astrální říší, kde ten bůh "sídlí". Pramen řeky dává velmi dobrý smysl, ale když tak nad tím uvažuju, tak vlastně asi nic nebrání tomu, aby jich bylo víc. Z jednoho místa v Astrální říši je klidně možné procházet na různá místa ve fyzickém světě. Díky tomu bude možné se přes tyto "magické portály" rychle dostat kamkoliv po celém toku řeky (tedy kamkoliv, kde jsou tato posvátná místa zasvěcená danému bohu). To zároveň dá reálný základ pověsti, že se bůh může zjevit kdekoliv po celém toku řeky (nebo minimálně kdekoliv, kde sídlí lidé, kteří ho uctívají - což ale stačí, protože ty ostatní to nejspíš nebude zajímat).
Dogs are probably the animal most associated with mankind and understandably they appear in many myths. Dogs are viewed as having all the characteristics expected from a 'best friend' - companionship, protection and loyalty.
Dogs also seem have been thought of as denoting great strength in a warrior, and ferocity in battle.
The dog was linked with healing, its saliva was thought to heal wounds.
The Horse is firmly linked to a number of Celtic Goddesses, Epona, Rhiannon and Macha, and can be seen to be a symbol of sovereignty and political power. These three Goddesses are an example of the pan-Celtic Goddesses that had equine associations, were also Goddesses of Sovereignty, War, and Fertility, and probably served as a Psychopomp, carrying the dead to the Otherworld. In this, they may be linked to the Germanic 'Valkyries'.
The Salmon is associated with the gaining of poetic wisdom and magical knowledge, although this is indirectly because it eats of the Nine Hazelnuts of Wisdom that fall into its pool, which are the true source.
Finn mac Cumhaill is said to have gained his prophetic abilities from the Salmon of Knowledge, when cooking the salmon for his master, three drops burned his thumb which he thrust into his mouth. From that day forth all he had to do was place his thumb to his lips and he would 'know' all that he needed.
Otázka je, zda lososi žili v Čechách. Skoro bych řekl, že ne...
Deities asuming Bird Forms are common throughtout I-E myths, particularly as the means for a God to seek a union with a mortal.
In the tale of Aengus and Caer, the Young God transforms himself into a swan to unite with Caer, also in swan-form, who then returns with him to his palace at Brugh na Boinne.
In the 'lists' of the `oldest creatures`, the eagle is only out-done by the salmon.
Ravens and Crows appear to be interchangable in their use in the mythologies. That is not to say that the Celts weren't able to differentiate between them, but that they were viewed as having the same role within the traditions.

They are viewed in two different ways. Firstly, as a symbol of war, of prowess in battle, devourer of carrion. Probably the most famous Raven Goddess is the Morrigan, (equated with Macha and Badh in the Tochmarc Emire who are seen as hooded crows).

Secondly, they can be seen as a provider of prophetic omens and oracles. The Celts, like various other peoples performed Ornithomancy as a means to foretell the future. Many birds were used but the Corvids more than any other. The Morrigan, the Raven Goddess herself, offers many prophetic utterances.
The main motif regarding swans seems to be one of love.

The beautiful exterior often belies their strength and fierceness. They are viewed as destructive when they descend upon Emhain Macha and ravage the area as an omen of Cuchulainn's conception.
It has been suggested that Cranes were envisaged as 'bad-luck', and that they adorn weapns to inflict this bad-luck upon the enemy.
U nás jeřábi nejsou, ale jejich roli by mohl převzít čáp, podle stejné logiky jako u havrana/vrány.
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